Stimulants

Stimulants are a class of substances that increase activity in the central nervous system (CNS), leading to heightened alertness, improved mood, and increased energy. They can affect various neurotransmitters in the brain, primarily dopamine and norepinephrine, which play key roles in motivation, attention, and the reward system.

Types of Stimulants:

1. Prescription Stimulants:
   • Amphetamines (e.g., Adderall, Dexedrine): Often prescribed for ADHD and narcolepsy.
   • Methylphenidate (e.g., Ritalin, Concerta): Also used to treat ADHD and certain sleep disorders.
   • Modafinil (e.g., Provigil): Used to treat narcolepsy and sleep disorders.
2. Illicit Stimulants:
   • Cocaine: A powerful and illegal stimulant that is highly addictive and can cause severe health issues.
   • Methamphetamine: A potent and addictive drug that can cause significant psychological and physical problems.
3. Natural Stimulants:
   • Caffeine: Found in coffee, tea, and many soft drinks, caffeine is the most widely consumed stimulant worldwide.
   • Nicotine: Found in tobacco products; it has stimulating effects but is also highly addictive.

Effects of Stimulants:

• Positive Effects:
  • Increased attention and focus
  • Enhanced mood and feelings of euphoria
  • Increased energy levels
  • Decreased appetite
• Negative Effects:
  • Anxiety and jitteriness
  • Insomnia
  • Increased heart rate and blood pressure
  • Potential for addiction and abuse